第三部分官网参考链接

1、编写更多视图：添加函数polls/views.py

def detail(request, question_id):    return HttpResponse("You're looking at question %s." % question_id)def results(request, question_id):    response = "You're looking at the results of question %s."    return HttpResponse(response % question_id)def vote(request, question_id):    return HttpResponse("You're voting on question %s." % question_id)

url函数调用

polls/urls.py

from django.urls import pathfrom . import viewsurlpatterns = [    # ex: /polls/    path('', views.index, name='index'),        # ex: /polls/5    path('
    
     /', views.detail, name='detail'),    # ex: /polls/5/results/    path('
     
      /results/', views.results, name='results'),    # ex: /polls/5/vote/    path('
      
       /vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),]
      
     
    

访问：

2、一个快捷函数： render()的使用

(1) 编写index视图

polls/views.pyfrom django.shortcuts import renderfrom .models import Questiondef index(request):    latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]    context = {'latest_question_list': latest_question_list}    return render(request, 'polls/index.html', context)

（2）添加模板

polls应用下创建templates/polls子文件夹，再在polls/templates/polls下创建index.htmlpolls/templates/polls/index.html

{% if latest_question_list %}    
    
         {% for question in latest_question_list %}        
     
{
   { question.question_text }}
    {% endfor %}    
    
{% else %}    
No polls are available.
{% endif %}

页面添加六条数据

测试访问：

3、一个快捷函数： get_object_or_404()抛出404错误

（1）编写视图

from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, renderfrom .models import Questiondef detail(request, question_id):    question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)    return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', {'question': question})

添加模板系统

polls/templates/polls/detail.html{

{ question }}

4、为 URL 名称添加命名空间

在每个应用的的urls下添加对应的应用名字的命名空间polls/urls.py

from django.urls import pathfrom . import viewsapp_name = 'polls'   #添加命名空间urlpatterns = [    path('', views.index, name='index'),    path('
    
     /', views.detail, name='detail'),    path('
     
      /results/', views.results, name='results'),    path('
      
       /vote/', views.vote, name='vote'),]
      
     
    

修改为指向具有命名空间的详细视图：

polls/templates/polls/index.html<li><a href="{% url 'polls:detail' question.id %}">{ { question.question_text }}</a></li>